Last night I stayed up well past my intended bedtime and searched my limited
library on cliff swallow behavior, finally coming up with what I emailed
earlier. Then I sent it off, or so I thought. Tonight I found I had made a
typo in the address so it had bounced right back. I should have read the
tweeters digest first. It would have saved me the trouble of sending the
posting, since Dennis already provided the answer to the request (what did
Butler say?). Thank you Dennis.

A couple of questions remain though. Did Butler address the possible reason
why males would be prone to forced copulations? If raised wings reduce forced
copulations then why flutter the wings? Also, does the raised tail reduce
forced copulation as well?

I guess I will be buying Charles and Mary Brown's book when it comes out.
Better yet, I should find a job where I don't have to work evenings, so I can
take Dennis' Master Birder classes.

Martin Muller, Seattle
martinmuller at msn.com