Hi folks,

Sorry to be the harbinger of bad news, but I saw this announcement on the
Federal Register, and !Lo and Behold! there was Tweeter Gene Kridler's name
as a reference for the Mallard: "The last confirmed sighting of this
species was in 1979 by Eugene Kridler of the Service who estimated that
there were probably fewer than a dozen Mariana mallards remaining (Kridler
1979). At this time, Mr. Kridler collected a pair of birds for captive
propagation. Captive breeding was first conducted at Pohakuloa, Hawaii, then
at Sea World, San Diego, California. These attempts failed and the last
known Mariana mallard died at Sea World, San Diego in 1981 (Stinson 1995)."


They hauled these off the Federal ESA lists because they think they're
extinct. A sad page in the annals of species conservation.

Jon. Anderson
Olympia, Washington
festuca at olywa.net
*********************
[Federal Register: January 25, 2002 (Volume 67, Number 17)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Page 3675-3679]
>From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
=======================================================================
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Fish and Wildlife Service
50 CFR Part 17
RIN 1018-AH50

Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Proposed Rule To Remove the
Mariana Mallard and the Guam Broadbill From the Federal List of Endangered
and Threatened Wildlife

AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.

ACTION: Proposed rule.
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SUMMARY: Under the authority of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (Act), as
amended, we, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), propose to remove
the Mariana mallard (Anas platyrynchos oustaleti) and the Guam broadbill
(Myiagra freycineti) from the Federal List of Endangered and Threatened
Wildlife. All available information indicates that these birds are extinct.
The Mariana mallard was endemic to the islands of Guam, Tinian, Saipan, and
possibly Rota, of the Mariana Archipelago in the western Pacific ocean. It
was listed as endangered on June 2, 1977, because its population was
critically low due to excessive hunting and loss of wetland habitat. No
confirmed sightings of the Mariana mallard have been made since 1979. The
Guam broadbill, endemic to Guam, was listed as endangered on August 27,
1984, because its population was critically low. No confirmed sightings or
other evidence of the Guam broadbill in the Pajon Basin have been made since
May 15, 1984. This proposal, if made final, would remove Federal protection
provided by the Act for these species. Removal of the Mariana mallard and
the Guam broadbill from the Federal list of Endangered and Threatened
Wildlife does not alter or supersede their designation by the government of
Guam as endangered species. The Mariana mallard is not a protected wildlife
species by the government of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana
Islands (CNMI).

DATES: Comments must be received by March 26, 2002. Public hearing requests
must be received by March 11, 2002.

ADDRESSES: Send comments and materials concerning this proposal to the Field
Supervisor, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Ecoregion, 300
Ala Moana Boulevard, Room 3-122, Box 50088, Honolulu, Hawaii 96850. Comments
and materials received will be available for public inspection, by
appointment, during normal business hours at the above address.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Paul Henson (see ADDRESSES section),
telephone 808/541-2749; facsimile 808/541-2756; e-mail
paul__;henson at fws.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background
The Mariana mallard (Anas platyrynchos oustaleti) (Salvadori 1894) was
first described by Salvadori based on six specimens collected from Guam in
1887 and 1888 (Reichel and Lemke 1994, Stinson 1994). The species is
believed to have been a subspecies that originated as a hybrid between the
common mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and the grey duck (Anas superciliosa)
(Reichel and Lemke 1994).

The Mariana mallard is known only from Guam, Tinian, and Saipan of the
Marianas Archipelago. There is an unverified sighting of two ``unidentified
ducks'' on Rota on October 20, 1945 (Baker 1948) and one specimen of Anas
sp. found during a 1990 excavation of a late Holocene deposit in Payapai
Cave, Rota (Steadman 1992). Other than these records, the Mariana mallard
has never been reported on Rota. There are no records of this species from
the more northern islands in the archipelago.

First collected by the early explorers in the late 1800s, only sporadic
notes and observations have been made on this species. Marche (Baker 1951)
collected six specimens from Guam in 1888. Collections from the time of
Marche showed that the Mariana mallard concurrently inhabited the islands of
Saipan and Tinian. A total of 38 specimens were collected from Tinian and
Saipan by Japanese collectors between 1931 and 1940 (Baker 1951). There are
probably fewer than 50 specimens of the Mariana mallard in collections in
France, Japan, the United States, and elsewhere. Reichel and Lemke (1994)
were able to locate 37 specimens. Most of these were collected by the
Japanese in the 1930s and 1940s.

The Mariana mallard probably was never abundant (Baker 1951) due to
limited habitat availability. There have never been extensive
freshwater marshes or swamps in the Mariana Archipelago. The largest number
of Mariana mallards ever recorded was by Kuroda (1942) who reported that his
collector saw 2 flocks of 50 to 60 Mariana mallards at 2 locations at Lake
Hagoi, Tinian. Gleize (1945) estimated a population of 12 mallards on
Tinian. Marshall (1949) recorded their presence at both Lake Susupe, Saipan,
and Lake Hagoi, Tinian. However, he speculated that they flew between the
two islands as he never saw them at ``both * * * lakes during any one
month.'' The last confirmed sighting of this species was in 1979 by Eugene
Kridler of the Service who estimated that there were probably fewer than a
dozen Mariana mallards remaining (Kridler 1979). At this time, Mr. Kridler
collected a pair of birds for captive propagation. Captive breeding was
first conducted at Pohakuloa, Hawaii, then at Sea World, San Diego,
California. These attempts failed and the last known Mariana mallard died at
Sea World, San Diego in 1981 (Stinson 1995).

On Guam, the last recorded sighting of the Mariana mallard was made by
G.S.A. Perez on February 25, 1967 (Drahos 1977). Wetland surveys were
conducted on Guam from the late 1960s through the 1980s; however, no Mariana
mallards were seen (Engbring et al. 1986, Stinson et al. 1991, Reichel et
al. 1992).

Small populations persisted on Tinian and Saipan until the late 1970s
(Pratt et al. 1979, Stinson 1995). No confirmed sightings of the
Mariana mallard have been made since 1979. Extensive surveys were conducted
intermittently from 1982 through 1984 by us and staff from the Division of
Fish and Wildlife (DFW) of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
(CNMI). All of the known wetland habitat in the CNMI was surveyed. There
were no confirmed sightings or vocalizations (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
1983). A special effort was made to search for the Mariana mallard during
forest bird surveys conducted on the islands of Saipan, Tinian, Rota, and
Agiguan in 1982. Teams comprising biologists and biotechnicians
simultaneously surveyed wetlands on Saipan and Tinian from which the most
recent (1979) sightings of the mallard had been recorded to determine the
status and distribution of this species. No mallards were observed on either
island (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1983).

During the period from May, 1983, through December, 1989, biologists
from the CNMI's DFW conducted 5 to 79 surveys of each
permanent wetland and each seasonal wetland greater than 0.5 hectares (1.2
acres) in the CNMI (230 surveys). Wetlands that contained better mallard
habitat were surveyed more often. Surveys occurred year round and the
greatest frequency occurred from May through September (112 surveys) to
coincide with the historical nesting season of the Mariana mallards. No
Mariana mallards were seen during these intensive and systematic searches.
The determination of the investigators at the conclusion of these surveys
was that the Mariana mallard was extinct (Reichel and Lemke 1994).
Researchers and managers currently in Guam and the CNMI concur that the
Mariana mallard is probably extinct, as it has not been seen since 1979
despite frequent and intensive surveys of wetlands for waterbirds such as
the endangered Mariana common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus guami) (Evans et
al. 1996; Gary Wiles, Guam Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources
(DAWR), pers. comm. 1998; Mike Ritter, Service, pers. comm. 1998).

The Mariana mallard's reduction in range and eventual extinction has
been attributed to habitat loss and hunting, especially during, and
immediately after, World War II (WWII) (Baker 1948, Engbring and Fritts
1988, Reichel and Lemke 1994). Evolving without predators, the mallard was
not wary of humans and easily caught (Kuroda 1942, Stott 1947). They were
hunted and trapped for food (Fritz 1904, Safford 1904). Safford (1904)
reported that the Mariana mallard was ``the best game bird'' and ``very
highly esteemed for food.'' Kuroda (1942) reported that there was a hunting
season on Saipan from July through December, but no hunting was allowed on
Tinian. However, it is unknown if these regulations were enforced. After
WWII, islanders were allowed to own firearms and hunting of the birds
persisted. Even with the designation of the species as endangered by the
Trust Territories and the Service, there was little enforcement of the
regulations (Drahos 1977).

Habitat loss due to draining and fragmentation of wetlands have greatly
reduced the quantity and quality of wetlands on Guam, Tinian, and Saipan
(Stinson et al. 1991, Reichel et al. 1992, Reichel and Lemke 1994). Though
early reports on Tinian mention two lakes, Lake Hagoi is the only lake
currently found on the island. It is probable that the second lake
referenced is now known as Makpo Swamp. It is currently too overgrown with
woody vegetation to be mallard habitat. Additionally, this wetland has been
drained for water for San Jose village and converted into farmland (Bowers
1950, Reichel and Lemke 1994). During the Japanese occupation of Saipan and
Tinian between 1914 and 1945, most wetlands were channelized and converted
to rice paddies. Also during this time, sugarmill wastes were discharged
into Lake Susupe on Saipan. Since 1945, many wetlands have been drained or
filled in the course of urban development on all three islands (Stinson et
al. 1991, Reichel et al. 1992, Reichel and Lemke 1994). The Mariana mallard,
never great in number, lost most of its limited habitat with the decimation
of the wetlands, while being hunted with little to no restriction.

The Guam broadbill (Myiagra freycineti), a member of the family
Muscicapidae, was endemic to the island of Guam in the Mariana
Archipelago (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1990). First collected by
explorers in 1820, the specimens were labeled ``kingfisher with a
russet throat'' and erroneously noted as being from Australia (Oustalet
1895). Marche collected 23 specimens in 1887 and 1888, from which Oustalet
described Myiagra freycineti (Oustalet 1895).

Although the species was probably never abundant, a reduction in the
range of the Guam broadbill was noted from 1950 into the early 1980s. Prior
to 1950, the species occupied 500 square kilometers (sq km) (193 sq miles
(mi)) of habitat throughout the island of Guam. By 1950, broadbill range had
been reduced to 312 sq km (120 sq mi) or 62 percent of its former range
(Ernie Kosaka, Service, in litt. 1982). By the early 1970s, the species was
entirely absent from the southern two-thirds of the island but still
relatively common in northern Guam into the mid-1970s. Decline of the Guam
broadbill continued with no individuals detected on northern roadside counts
that were initiated in 1973 (Drahos 1977). Further losses were attributed to
super typhoon Pamela in 1976 (Joseph E. Ada, Acting Governor of Guam, in
litt. 1979). By 1979, the Guam broadbill was restricted to the remaining
areas of natural vegetation that occurred primarily along the northern cliff
line in a thin strip from Naval Communication Station (NCS) Beach through
Catalina Point on the eastern side of Guam (DAWR 1979-1986). At that time,
the Guam broadbill had the lowest relative abundance and the lowest density
of any native passerine during station counts. Although relative densities
of the broadbill were highest at Pati and Ritidian Points and Tarague in
1980, the species was recorded only at Ritidian and Urunao Points and
Anderson Air Force Base in 1981. This represented a further reduction of
habitat range to 43 sq km (16.6 sq mi) or 9 percent of its original range
(Engbring and Pratt 1985). Combined broadbill densities showed a 70 percent
decline since 1979 (DAWR 1979-1986). By 1983, the population had declined 83
percent in the Ritidian Basin area (DAWR 1979-1986) and was further
restricted to the extreme northern end of Guam in the Pajon Basin in 150
hectares (ha) (370 acres (ac)) or 1.5 sq km (0.57 sq mi) of habitat (Savidge
1987). Estimates of 460 birds (Engbring and Ramsey 1984) in 1981 and fewer
than 100 individuals (Engbring and Pratt 1985) in 1983 from the Pajon Basin
had dwindled to only one sighting of a male in October 1983 (Beck 1984a).
The last two sightings of the Guam broadbill in the wild were of transient
males in 1984. Robert E. Beck, Jr. (DAWR) and Dr. Eugene Morton (Smithsonian
Institution) sighted a male at Northwest Field in March 1984, and Philip
Bruner (Brigham Young University of Hawaii) sighted the other in an area
adjacent to the Navy golf course in Barrigada in August 1984 (Beck 1984a).
The Guam broadbill has not been sighted in the Pajon Basin area since May
15, 1984, and the species is believed to be extinct (DAWR 1979-1986).

In September 1983, a male was collected for captive propagation (Beck
1984b). This captive breeding attempt failed as other wild
individuals were not located and the captive male died of unknown causes
(DAWR 1979-1986). Attempts at captively breeding the Guam broadbill were
abandoned in 1984 due to its virtual disappearance from the wild (Beck
1984a, b).

Based on the last field sightings, the approximate date of extirpation
of the Guam broadbill is 1984 (Beck 1984a, Wiles et al. 1995), and it was
presumed to be extinct by 1985 (Beck 1984a, b; Savidge 1987; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service 1990; Reichel and Glass
1991; Stinson 1994).

Reduction in the range of the Guam broadbill and its eventual extinction
have been variously attributed to excessive pesticide
spraying during and after World War II, the spread of avian diseases, and
predation by introduced animals including rats (Rattus spp.), the monitor
lizard (Varanus indicus), and the brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis).
However, studies conducted by our Patuxtent Wildlife
Research Center in 1983 indicated that pesticide overuse and avian diseases
were not responsible for broadbill declines noted in the early 1980s.
Instead, studies conducted by Savidge in 1986 implicated predation by the
brown tree snake as the single most important factor in the decline of
Guam's native forest birds, including the Guam broadbill (Savidge 1986,
1987; Conry 1988; Wiles et al. 1995; Rodda et al. 1997).

Previous Federal Action
Federal action on the Mariana mallard began on May 22, 1975, when the
Fund for Animals, Inc., requested that we list 216 taxa of plants and
animals as endangered species pursuant to the Act. These species appeared in
Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of
Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), but did not appear on the United States List
of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants. On September 26, 1975, we
published in the Federal Register (40 FR 44329), a proposed rule to list 216
species as endangered, including the Mariana mallard. The rule that
determined 159 of the 216 taxa to be endangered species was published on
June 14, 1976 (41 FR 24062). The Mariana mallard was not included in this
rule because the Governors of the States (which is defined by the Act to
include Guam and the CNMI) in which this species was resident, inadvertently
were not notified of the proposal as required by the Act. These Governors
were then notified and allowed 90 days for comment. The Mariana mallard was
listed as an endangered species on June 2, 1977, without critical habitat
(42 FR 28137).

Federal action on the Guam broadbill began on February 27, 1979, when
the Acting Governor of Guam petitioned us to list the Guam
broadbill and five other forest bird species as endangered. On May 18, 1979,
we issued a notice of review (44 FR 29128) for 12 petitioned animals,
including the Guam broadbill. In our December 30, 1982, Review of Vertebrate
Wildlife (47 FR 58454) the Guam broadbill was considered a category 1
candidate for Federal listing. Category 1 species were those for which we
had substantial information on biological vulnerability and threats to
support preparation of a listing proposal, but for which a listing proposal
had not yet been published because it was precluded by other listing
activities. On November 29, 1983, we published a proposed rule (48 FR 53729)
to list the Guam broadbill as endangered. The final rule determining the
Guam broadbill to be an endangered species was published on August 27, 1984
(49 FR 33881). Critical habitat was not designated.

Summary of Factors Affecting the Species
In accordance with the Act and implementing regulations at 50 CFR part
424, a species shall be listed if the Secretary of the Interior determines
that one or more of five factors listed in section 4(a)(1) of the Act
threatens the continued existence of the species. A species may be delisted
according to Sec. 424.11(d) if the best available scientific and commercial
data indicate that the species is neither endangered nor threatened because
of (1) extinction, (2) recovery, or (3) original data for classification of
the species were in error.

A. The Present or Threatened Destruction, Modification, or Curtailment of
Its Habitat or Range

Habitat loss was a major factor in the decline and subsequent extinction
of the Mariana mallard. Since 1945, draining, fragmentation,
and filling of wetlands for urban development has greatly reduced their
quantity and quality on Guam, Tinian, and Saipan (Stinson et al. 1991,
Reichel et al. 1992, Reichel and Lemke 1994). Between 1914 and 1945, during
the Japanese occupation of Saipan and Tinian, most wetlands were converted
to rice paddies. In more recent times, wetlands have been drained to provide
potable water for new villages and converted into farmland (Bowers 1950,
Reichel and Lemke 1994).

The Guam broadbill was endemic to the island of Guam and, until the
mid-1970s, common in the northern half of the island. This species was found
in woodland areas, forests with brushy undercover, areas dominated by the
alien shrub, tangantangan (Leucaena leucocephala), southern riparian areas,
coastal strand, and mangrove swamps. Though the island of Guam has undergone
massive development and urbanization over the last 20 years, habitat
destruction or modification is not believed to have been a major factor in
the decline of this bird because population numbers declined in areas with
intact habitat over this time period.

B. Overutilization for Commercial, Recreational, Scientific, or Educational
Purposes

Over-hunting is believed to have been a major factor leading to the
decline and subsequent extinction of the Mariana mallard, particularly
during and immediately after WW II (Kuroda 1942, Baker 1948, Engbring and
Fritts 1988, Reichel and Lemke 1994). Overutilization is not known to be a
factor in the decline of the Guam broadbill.

C. Disease or Predation

Disease or predation is not known to have been a factor in the decline
of the Mariana mallard. While the brown tree snake is believed to have been
accidentally introduced to Guam between 1945 and 1952 (Rodda et al. 1992),
it is not believed to have been a factor in the decline of the mallard
because the snake prefers forest habitat. While a population of this
voracious predator may now be established on Saipan, it is not believed to
have been present on the island during the 1970s, when the last sighting of
the Mariana mallard was made. The brown tree snake is not known to be
established on Tinian.

The spread of avian disease and predation by introduced animals,
including the monitor lizard, rats (Rattus spp.), cats (Felis catus),
dogs (Canis familiaris), pigs (Sus scrofa), and the brown tree snake, were
suspected as factors in the decline of the Guam broadbill at the time of its
listing. However, later studies concluded that predation by the brown tree
snake was probably the single most important factor in the drastic decline
and subsequent extinction of the Guam broadbill (Savidge 1986, 1987; Conry
1988). These studies provided no evidence of its decline due to avian
disease (Savidge 1986, 1987). By 1986, the snake was probably present
throughout the island (Savidge 1986, 1987). Primarily arboreal, this snake
preys upon eggs and hatchlings in nests, and roosting young and adults.

D. The Inadequacy of Existing Regulatory Mechanisms

The Mariana mallard was listed as an endangered species by the Trust
Territory of the Pacific Islands in 1976 and by us in 1977. It is
currently protected as endangered under Guam's Endangered Species Act (Pub.
L. 15-36). The Mariana mallard was not listed as a threatened or endangered
species by the CNMI government (CNMI 1991).

The Guam broadbill is presently protected as endangered under Guam's
Endangered Species Act (Pub. L. 15-36) and is federally
protected as an endangered species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973.

Protection as endangered species by the Federal government and
governments of Guam and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, was
probably too late to compensate for the earlier effects of unrestricted
hunting and habitat loss, in the case of the Mariana mallard, and for the
accidental introduction and subsequent spread of the brown tree snake, in
the case of the Guam broadbill.

E. Other Natural or Manmade Factors Affecting Their Continued Existence

At the time it was listed, one of the factors believed to have
contributed to the critically low population levels of the Guam broadbill
was overuse of pesticides. However, pesticide use has not been found to be a
major factor in the decline of this species (Grue 1986, Savidge 1986, 1987).

In summary, all available information indicates that the Mariana mallard
and the Guam broadbill are extinct. Previous population
estimates made on Guam (1944), Tinian (1945), and Saipan (1947) for the
Mariana mallard reported 12 or fewer individuals on each of these islands
(Baker 1951). No confirmed sightings or vocalizations have been reported for
this bird since 1979, and the last captive bird died in 1981. The Guam
broadbill was reported to be on the verge of extinction at the time of its
listing, and population estimates of 460 and less than 100 individuals were
reported in 1981 and 1983, respectively. No confirmed sightings or
vocalizations have been reported for this species since May 14, 1984, and
the last captive bird died in February 1984. We propose to remove the
Mariana mallard and the Guam broadbill from the List of Endangered and
Threatened Wildlife.

Effects of This Rule
This rule, if made final, would revise Sec. 17.11(h) to remove the
Mariana mallard and the Guam broadbill from the Federal list of
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife due to extinction. The prohibitions and
conservation measures provided by the Act, particularly sections 7 and 9,
will no longer apply to these species if this rule is made final. There is
no designated critical habitat for these species.

The Mariana mallard and the Guam broadbill are protected by the
government of Guam (Pub. L. 15-36). Removal of these species from the
Federal list of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife does not alter or
supersede their designation by the government of Guam as endangered species.

Public Comments Solicited
We intend for any final action resulting from this proposal to be as
accurate as possible. Therefore, we solicit data, comments, or
suggestions from the public, other concerned government agencies, the
scientific community, industry, or any other interested party
concerning this proposed rule. We particularly seek comments concerning:

(1) Biological, commercial trade, or other relevant data concerning the
Mariana mallard and the Guam broadbill not included in this document; and
(2) The location of any individuals or populations of the Mariana
mallard and the Guam broadbill.

The final decision on this proposal will take into consideration the
comments and any additional information we receive, and such
communications may lead to a final determination that differs from this
proposal.

Our practice is to make comments, including names and home addresses of
respondents, available for public review during regular
business hours. Individual respondents may request that we withhold their
home address from the rulemaking record, which we will honor to the extent
allowable by law. In some circumstances, we will withhold a respondent's
identity from the rulemaking record, as allowable by law. If you wish for
us to withhold your name and/or address, you must state this request
prominently at the beginning of your comment. However, we will not consider
anonymous comments. We will make all submissions from organizations or
businesses available for public inspection in their entirety.

Public Hearings
You may request a public hearing on this proposal. Your request for a
hearing must be made in writing and filed within 45 days of the date of
publication of this proposal in the Federal Register. Address your request
to the Field Supervisor (see ADDRESSES section).

Clarity of This regulation
Executive Order 12866 requires each agency to write regulations that are
easy to understand. We invite your comments on how to make this rule easier
to understand including answers to the following: (1) Are the requirements
of the rule clear? (2) Is the discussion of the rule in the Supplementary
Information section of the preamble helpful to understanding the rule? (3)
What else could we do to make the rule easier to understand?

Send a copy of any comments that concern how we could make this rule
easier to understand to: Office of Regulatory Affairs, Department of the
Interior, Room 7229, 1849 C Street NW., Washington, DC 20240. You may also
e-mail the comments to this address: Exsec at ios.doi.gov.

National Environmental Policy Act
We have determined that preparation of an environmental assessment or
environmental impact statement, as defined under the authority of the
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, is not necessary when issuing
regulations adopted under section 4(a) of the Endangered Species Act of
1973, as amended. We published a notice outlining our reasons for this
decision in the Federal Register on October 25, 1983 (48 FR 49244).

Paperwork Reduction Act
The OMB regulations at 5 CFR 1320, which implement provisions of the
Paperwork Reduction Act, require that Federal agencies obtain approval from
OMB before collecting information from the public. The OMB regulations at 5
CFR 1320.3(c) define a collection of information as the obtaining of
information by or for an agency by means of identical questions posed to, or
identical reporting, recordkeeping, or disclosure requirements imposed on
ten or more persons. This rule does not include any collections of
information that require approval by OMB under the Paperwork Reduction Act.

References Cited
A complete list of all references cited herein is available upon request
from the Pacific Islands Ecoregion (see ADDRESSES section).

Authors
The primary authors of this proposed rule are Arlene Pangelinan and Lee
Ann Woodward, Ecological Services, Pacific Islands Ecoregion, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (see ADDRESSES section).

List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 17
Endangered and threatened species, Exports, Imports, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Transportation.

Regulation Promulgation
For the reasons set out in the preamble, we propose to amend part 17,
subchapter B of chapter I, title 50 of the Code of Federal

Regulations, as set forth below:
PART 17--[AMENDED]
1. The authority citation for part 17 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1361-1407; 16 U.S.C. 1531-1544; 16 U.S.C.
4201-4245; Pub. L. 99-625, 100 Stat. 3500; unless otherwise noted.
Sec. 17.11 [Amended]
2. Section 17.11(h) is amended by removing the entries for ``Mallard,
Mariana'' and ``Broadbill, Guam'' under ``BIRDS'' from the
List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife.

Dated: July 17, 2001, Marshall P. Jones, Jr., Acting Director, Fish and
Wildlife Service.
[FR Doc. 02-1876 Filed 1-24-02; 8:45 am]