Subject: Species Found Positive for West Nile Virus as of 20 September 2002
Date: Sep 23 09:17:49 2002
From: 'Devorah' D Wisti - nyneve at u.washington.edu



hello all,

i apologize for the length of this thing, but i thought you might
be interested in this information about west nile virus since this
has been an ongoing discussion here on tweeters. In the interest of
limiting the size of this email, i cut out all attached photographs).

regards,

Devorah A. N. Bennu, PhD (in transition between Seattle and NYC)
nyneve at u.washington.edu
Chapman Postdoctoral Fellow
The American Museum of Natural History, New York City
Visit me on the web: http://students.washington.edu/~nyneve/
Love the creator? Then protect the creation.

---------- Forwarded message ----------

Species Found Positive for West Nile Virus as of 20 September 2002
This is a compendium of species found positive for having been
exposed to the West Nile virus. This list

a.. does NOT indicate that West Nile is necessarily fatal to the species
listed but simply that at least one was brought dead to a state
health department and tested. That organism may have died from other
causes.
b.. Some species on the list were also caught live and found to carry
antibody (marked with L).
c.. Please also note that viral competency cannot be inferred merely
by being on this list.

This list is derived from several sources, most heavily from those of
the USGS National Wildlife Health Centers and ProMed lists. Species
listed with an asterisk (*) were of initial individuals in captivity
and may or may not be from the New World. Errors or updates can be
reported to Lisa Reed at lreed at rci.rutgers.edu Photos by L. Reed unless
otherwise stated.

"Summary of West Nile virus-positive findings from March 2002 through
Current: 1852 (89 deaths) Humans 5380 Horses (source: CDC)

"Summary of all West Nile virus-positive findings from March 2001
through 14 November 2001: 48 Humans, 416 Equines, ? Other Mammals,
6101 Birds, 756 Mosquito Pools, and 6 Sentinel Birds" (source: ProMed)
(sentinels through 22 Aug)

"Summary of all West Nile virus-positive findings from 1 May 2000 through
1 Dec 2000: 19 Humans, 57 Equines, 26 Other Mammals, 4324 Birds,
478 Mosquito Pools, and 12 Sentinel Birds" (source: ProMed)

See the distribution based on USDA's Animal Plant Health Inspection
Service's map (Acrobat Reader required). See also the West Nile maps of
Nationalatlas.gov (archived to 2000) or the current maps at USGS.

Common Name - Avian Scientific American Goldfinch,
Carduelis tristis
American Crow L Corvus brachyrhynchos
American Goldfinch Carduelis tristis
American Kestrel Falco sparverius
American Magpie * Pica hudsonia
American Robin Turdus migratorius
American Tree Sparrow Spizella arborea
Andean Condor * Vultur gryphus
Bald Eagle * Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Baltimore Oriole Icterus galbula
Barred Owl Strix varia
Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon
Black-capped Chickadee Poecile atricapilla
Black-crowned Night Heron * Nycticorax nycticorax
Black-footed Penguin * Sphenicus demersus
Blackpoll Warbler Dendroica striata
Black Skimmer Rynchops niger
Black-throated Blue Warbler Dendroica caerulescens
Black Vulture Coragyps atratus
Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater
Blue Jay Cyanocitta cristata
Blythe's Tragopan * Tragopan blythii
Boat-tailed Grackle Quiscalus major
Brewer's Blackbird Euphagus cyanocephalus
Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus
Bronzed-winged Duck * Anas specularis
Brown Thrasher Toxostoma rufum
Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater
Budgerigar * Melopsittacus undulatus
Canada Goose Branta canadensis
Canada Warbler Wilsonia canadensis
Carolina Chickadee Poecile carolinensis
Carolina Wren Thryothorus ludoviciantus
Cedar Waxwing Bombycilla cedrorum
Cockatiel * Nymphicus hollandicus
Cockatoo * Cacatua ?
Common Grackle Quiscalis quiscala
Common Ground Dove Columbina passerina
Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor European Starling,
Sturnus vulgaris
Common Raven Corvus corax
Common Yellowthroat L Geothlypis trichas
Cooper's Hawk Accipiter cooperii
Dicksissel Calandra pratensis
Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus
Domestic Chicken Gallus sp.
Domestic Goose Anser sp.
Domestic Turkey Megagallus sp.
Eastern Bluebird Sialia sialis
Eastern Phoebe Sayornis phoebe
Eastern Tufted Titmouse Baeolophus bicolor
Eastern Wild Turkey Meleagris gallopavo
European Starling Sturnus vulgaris
Fish Crow L Corvus ossifragus
Fox Sparrow Passerella iliaca
Chilean Flamingo * Phoenicopterus chilensis Flamingoes at the L.A. Zoo,
Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos
Gray Catbird L Dumatella carolinensis
Great Black-backed Gull Larus marinus
Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias
Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus
Great-tailed Grackle Quiscalus mexicanus
Green Heron Butorides virescens
Guanay Cormorant * Phalacrocorax bougainvillii
Hermit Thrush Catharus guttatus
Herring Gull Larus argentatus
Hooded Warbler Wilsonia citrina
House Finch Carpodacus mexicanus
House Sparrow Passer domesticus
Impeyan Pheasants Lophophorus impeyanus
Killdeer Charadrius vociferus House Sparrow (Passer domesticus),
Laughing Gull * Larus atricilla
Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis
Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus
Lorikeet Trichoglossus haemotodus
Macaw * Ara sp.
Mallard * Anas platyrhynchos
Merlin Falco columbarius
Mississippi Sandhill Crane Grus canadensis pulla
Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura
Mute Swan Cygnus olor
Nashville Warbler Vermivora ruficapilla
Northern Cardinal Cardinalis cardinalis
Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus
Northern Mockingbird Mimus polyglottos
Northern Parula Parula americana
Osprey Pandion haliaetus
Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis)
Ovenbird Seiurus aurocapillus
Parakeet * ?
Peacock * Pavo sp.
Peregrine Falcon * Falco peregrinus
Purple Finch Carpodacus purpureus
Purple Martin Progne subis
Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus
Red-shouldered Hawk Buteo lineatus
Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis
Red-winged Blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus
Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis
Ring-necked Pheasant Phasianus colchicus
Rock Dove Columba livia
Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapillus)

Ruby-throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris
Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres
Ruffed Grouse Bonasa umbellus
Rusty Blackbird Euphagus carolinus
Sanderling Calidris alba
Sandhill Crane * Grus canadensis
Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis
Scarlet Ibis Eudocimus ruber
Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus
Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus
Snowy Owl Nyctea scandia
Song Sparrow Melospiza melodia
Yellow Warbler (Dendroica petechia)

Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus
Varied Tit Sittiparus varius
Veery Catharus fuscescens
Virginia Rail Rallus limicola
Warbling Vireo Vireo gilvus
White-breasted Nuthatch Sitta carolinensis
White-crowned Pigeon Columba leucocephala
Wood Duck Aix sponsa
Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina
Yellow Warbler Dendroica petechia
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Sphyrapicus varius
Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus
Yellow-rumped Warbler Dendroica coronata
Zebra Finch Poephila guttata

Other Vertebrate Species: White-tailed deer (photo by Ary Farajollahi)
Black Bear L Ursus americanus


Eastern Timber Wolf Canis lupus lycaon
White-tailed Deer L Odocoileus virginianus
Rocky Mountain Goat Oreamnos americanus
Raccoon Procyon lotor
Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus
Keen's Bat Myotis keenii
Little Brown Bat Myotis lucifugus
Domestic Horse Equus caballus


A bat at Fort Mott

(Mosq. Res. & Con Unit)

Domesticated Llama Lama glama
Domestic Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus (?)
Domestic Cat Felis domesticus
Domestic Dog Canis lupus familiaris
Squirrel Sciurus sp
Eastern Chipmunk Tamias striatus
Striped Skunk Mephitis mephitis

Mosquito Species:
"Florida SLE Mosquito" Culex nigripalpus
? Culex erraticus
Northern House Mosquito Culex pipiens
Southern House Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus
White-dotted Mosquito Culex restuans
Unbanded Saltmarsh Mosquito Culex salinarius
? Ochlerotatus atlanticus/tormentor
Rockpool Mosquito Ochlerotatus atropalpus
Woodland Pool Mosquito Ochlerotatus canadensis
Brown Saltmarsh Mosquito Ochlerotatus cantator
Rockpool Mosquito Ochlerotatus japonicus
Saltmarsh Mosquito Ochlerotatus sollicitans
Black Salt Marsh Mosquito Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus
Eastern Treehole Mosquito Ochlerotatus triseriatus
Three Striped Mosquito Ochlerotatus trivitattus
Asian Tiger Mosquito Aedes albopictus
Little Smokey Mosquito Aedes cinereus
Floodwater ("Vexans") Mosquito Aedes vexans
? Anopheles barberi
? Anopheles bradleyi/crucians
Mottled-winged Anopheles Anopheles punctipennis
Common Malaria Mosquito Anopheles quadrimaculatus
Cattail Mosquito Coquillettidia perturbans
Cedar Swamp/Black-tailed Mosquito Culiseta melanura
White-lined Mosquito Orthopodomyia signifera
? Psorophora ciliata
Dark Ricefield Mosquito Psorophora columbiae
Big Woods Mosquito Psorophora ferox
Sapphire-lined Mosquito Uranotaenia sapphirina



States/Provinces where positive animals (mosquitoes, birds, and/or
mammals) have been found:

(See the map at CDC: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/surv&control.htm)

a.. Canada - Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Quebec, Ontario, Saskatchewan;
Cayman Island
b.. Alabama
c.. Arkansas
d.. California
e.. Colorado
f.. Connecticut
g.. Delaware
h.. District of Columbia
i.. Georgia
j.. Florida
k.. Illinois
l.. Indiana
m.. Iowa
n.. Kansas
o.. Kentucky
p.. Louisiana
q.. Maine
r.. Maryland
s.. Massachusetts
t.. Michigan
u.. Minnesota
v.. Missouri
w.. Montana
x.. New Hampshire
y.. New Jersey
z.. New Mexico
aa.. New York
ab.. North Carolina
ac.. North Dakota
ad.. Ohio
ae.. Oklahoma
af.. Pennsylvania
ag.. Rhode Island
ah.. South Carolina
ai.. South Dakota
aj.. Tennessee
ak.. Texas
al.. Vermont
am.. Virginia
an.. West Virginia
ao.. Wisconsin
ap.. Wyoming