Hi, folks,

Before jumping to any conclusions, you should realize
that the AOU placed the 4 subspecies on the left of the WDFW
chart into the "Canada Goose", and the 3 subspecies on the
right of the WDFW chart into the "Cackling Goose" (Auk 121:
987 ff, 2004).

Telling Lessers (Canada) from Taverner's (Cackling)
might not be much different from separating Western from
Glaucous-winged Gulls on the Washington coast...

The other forms are easier.

Bill Smith
Ocean Shores